Different Types of Bridges Essay -- miscellaneous

Different Types of BridgesThe quest for travel has al expressive styles been one that creation has tried to conquer. First, he traveled on foot, and then developed methods of transportation such as boats, but one of the first obstacles that he had to overcome was getting across rivers, waterways, and canals. Today, link up clear become a part of everyday life hence without them, people would have a much more challenging time going from one place to another. In the United States alone, there argon more than half a million bridges (History of Bridges 1). Although bridges have been in existence since ancient times, they were not first made by man. Nature actually made the first bridges by toppling logs across streams. This was considered the first beam bridge as the flat rocks were apply to support the log. Then, the water eroded the rocks and eventually a stone bridge was formed. The ancient Romans strengthened arched bridges because they needed roads and bridges to connect the sections of their empire. The original swing bridge, from which the recess bridge was produced, was a simple vine that swung people over the water. From these beginnings, work force created four main types of bridges. To begin with, beam bridges, also known as girder bridges, are one of the easiest and simplest types of bridges to build. In ancient times, people used to aim these bridges out of granite. Beam bridges can be made by putting a wooden plank over an area needing to be crossed. To get across larger areas, piers or supports can be fabricated up from the river bed to hold up a couple of beams. The piers of the girder bridge have constant pressure on them. Therefore, the beams, which are usually made out of concrete or steel, have a lot of strength so they do not crumble due to the heavy load. M each beam bridges are made of pre-stressed concrete. This concrete has steel rods inside of it, which help resist tension. When the weighting pushes down on a bridge, the top of t he beams are pressed together creating compression, while the bottom edge is stretched and causes tension. Beam bridges are not applicatory in cities with a lot of high rises, because the bridge has very low clearance. The biggest limitation of the girder bridge is its length. The farther apart the piers are, the weaker the bridge gets. Beam bridges are good to use on spans of up to two hundred feet ( How Bridges Work 1). A bridge of greater... ... long way (Bridges 3). A cable-stayed bridge is used to cross medium lengths, which are approximately five hundred feet to two thousand eight hundred feet (Bridges 3). The cable-stayed bridge requires less cable than a suspension bridge, and is much faster to build in comparison to suspension bridges. Cable stayed bridges are supported by stave towers. These towers are A shaped, and strike almost all of the bridges compression. Unlike suspension bridges, cable stayed bridges only have two towers and do not need any anchorages.Now that m an has overcome the obstacle of getting across rivers, canals, and waterways efficiently, it is now time to perfect these human creations so no more mishaps happen. Even though people keep hearing about collapsing bridges, they still use them because it has become a part of their everyday life style. Without bridges, people would have a knockout time getting from one place to another. It could be done by means of a ferry or other boat, but that is time consume and a real pain in the neck because once a person gets across the river or canal, they would have to walk everywhere. So, without bridges, things would not be the way they are today.

In What Ways Does Brownings use of the First Person Narrative in his :: English Literature

In What Ways Does Brownings use of the First Person Narrative in hisDramatic Monologues Help to Reveal the Thoughts and Feelings of hisCharacters?Robert Browning was a highly respected Victorian poet. He lived from1812-1889. Browning eloped with and married the daughter of a familyTyrant, Elizabeth Barrett. They sleep withd each(prenominal) other until death partedthem and both poets wrote moving love poetry, having experienced thehappiness of true love for themselves.The two poems I shall study in this sample give a whole different sideto Brownings poetry and a whole different view of love. Both of themhave little to do with love as most of us would understand it, yetboth give very interesting studies of two contrasting characters.Browning uses the first person in his poetry to reveal the thoughtsand feelings of his characters, and does this very effectively.The poem My Last Duchess gives us a complete character study of aRenaissance nobleman. Although he never negotiation direct ly about himselfin his narrative, the Duke reveals a lot about his personality it ismade quite obvious that he is a very proud, arrogant and self-centredperson. The poem is written as a monologue given by the Duke to aservant of a prospective new wife of his. He drops baneful hints to saythat his prospective wife will have to behave in a way he sees fit,casually sayingThats my last Duchess painted on the wall,Looking as if she were aliveHe also twice mentions how the painting is by Fr Pandolf. Thisname-dropping reveals that he is arrogant. He obviously wants theservant to aver some sort of praise about the painting as he askshim, Willt please you sit and look at her? He obviously likes to bein control seen as he keeps a picture one presumes he would likeeveryone to see behind a curtain, so that men that he doesnt give care tolook at her cant. He went to the sitting for the painting because hewas so jealous. He makes this clear by sayingSir, twas notHer Husbands presence only, ca lled that spotOf enjoyment into the Duchess cheekHe disliked the way she took pleasure from all things. He consideredthat this meant she saw him to be as important as her white mule or abeautiful sunset. One wonders if he was possibly quite an insecureman, seen as he could not believe, She thanked men. I think onewould think this of both man who was jealous of a sunset He seems tothink it a disgrace that he didnt think she appreciated the title he

My Band :: essays research papers

I used to be in a band called Deft. There were five of us. Brandon, 19, was our singer, Rob,16, was lead guitarist, Kevin, 18, was the drummer, his dinky brother Jason, 16, was the bassist, and I played rhythm guitar. Kevin and I had been working together for four or five years, ever since he moved to Watertown. We had been in and let on of several bands, but always stuck together. My dad came home one day and told us about a friend of his whose step-son played guitar. We called him up and had him come over to audition. He was amazing especially considering his age, 15, so there was no way we could pass him up. A week later, the three of us a played a county fair Battle of the Bands and lost. This was no big deal, since we had been together for exactly a week. Over the next couple months we searched high and low for a singer and a bassist, when we realized what we were looking for was right under our noses all along. Kevins younger brother Jason had played upright bass in middle school so we recruited him for the low end. A close friend of their family, Brandon, stayed with them every summer. We got to thinking and realized that he had a great choir voice, so we brought him to a practice and had him audition. He was the best vocalist we had ever played with, so there was no doubt in our mind he was the one.After being together for considerably over a year and vie various gigs, we began to get on each others nerves. Jason was immature and always acted childish, Rob had an ego the size of Montana, and Brandon lived in Milwaukee depending on everyone else since he had no job and no ambition to get one. One night at practice, we were trying to learn a new song. I was playing around with some different effects to use on the song. Rob told me that he knew how to get the right sound. I calmly requested that he dwell a minute because I wanted to try and get it myself. He insisted that he knew how to do it, so I asked him to show me and started handing him my gui tar. Rob said Well, I dont know how to do it.

Avarice In America :: essays research papers

Avarice In America     When the topic of American economics arises, the infamous despoiler Barons of the 19th Century often springs to mind. They are often glorified as "Captains of Industry" for their coin making strategies and enterprising methods. Those who hold this view probably do not know the evils of the laissez-faire capitalism in which the Robber Barons believed and participated. They wanted an unrestricted system of economics so that they could amass as much money as they could to out do each other and control the power in society. They were not as glorious and generous as some great deal make them out to have been.     In laissez-faire capitalism, there are no restrictions on business so the enterprising capitalists were able to obtain monopolies by combining with other companies or simply buying them out. By doing this, the owners could raise the price of their goods or services to an intolerable amount of money so tha t they could gain rase more money. This often put the common working people out of a job because the owners could get children and poor European and Asian immigrants to do the akin menial factory jobs for pennies a day. This angered the Unions of America because their livelihood depended on the American working class. The Unions then persuaded the government to regulate the business giants and control the amount of money the companies could take in by disallowing monopolies and child labor. The "Kings of Capitalism" disregarded the impact their actions had on the lives of the working class men and their families. Many went hungry because of the lose of jobs available and were forced to go into debt to the companies that was impossible to be repaid. The Robber Barons would do almost anything to gain more money and more power even pose hard working people out of their houses.     It is often said that money is the root of all evil. The Robber Barons of the late 19th century proved this surmisal without fail. They showed that greed can overtake morals if the conditions are right. It is very evident that the Robber Barons had no qualms about ruining the lives of the people that worked for them and of society in general.

Nuala Ní Dhomhnaill’s The Astrakhan Cloak Essay -- Astrakhan Cloak

Nuala N Dhomhnaills The Astrakhan Cloak The Astrakhan Cloak, published in 1992, is a collection of metrical compositions by Nuala N Dhomhnaill. Several aspects of the book deserve notice from the reader, including morphologic and thematic elements that work to develop an overall sense of mystery, wonder, and loss. A significant theme of the poems in the collection is the dichotomy of the supernatural and civilized worlds, and the sense that in that location are forces in the world just beyond our perception and understanding. In general the poems presented are short, but the final inclusion is a longer poem divided into sections, each somewhat able stand on its own. Read as a whole the final poem underscores the central themes presented in the book. N Dhomhnaill wrote the collection in Irish, but translations are provided on the facing pages. It is important to consider why the book was published in both languages. At the simplest level, the poet cherished people to read her work , and the market for poetry in English is larger than that in Irish. However, there are other considerations to keep in mind. First, the decision to stain poems in both Irish and English brings to the mind of the reader some of the mystery inherent in other languages, especially the supernatural connotations of Celtic language. see the poems in Irish reinforces the idea that some things are outside the realm of human understanding. Reading a translation is not the same as discipline an original work the reader cannot help but wonder what meaning the foreign words might carry that is lost in translation. That constant monitor throughout the collection enhances the sense of there being something just beyond perception that is beautiful and mysterious. Many of the poem... ...section of The Voyage, Two Men, tells of an encounter with the Isle of Enchantment, Hy-Breasil. When the sailors in the poem encounter the island, they are caught up in the relative merits of coal or clod, sym bolizing the obsession with the everyday world, while the island itself was covered by a blanket of cloud/and completely disappeared from view. (103) Finally, the island, and all the supernatural wonder it represents is lost, outside the reach of humanity. Works CitedEllmann, Richard and OClair, Robert, ed. The Norton Anthology of Modern Poetry, Second Edition. New York W. W. Norton & Company, 1988.N Dhomhnaill, Nuala. The Astrakhan Cloak. Trans. capital of Minnesota Muldoon. Loughcrew The Gallery Press, 1992 astrakhan. Encyclopedia Britanicca Online Dictionary Accessed 11 November 2004.

Harvard Admissions Essay: Lessons Learned :: College Admissions Essays

Lessons Learned Are Lessons Lived   A few years ago, while helping my grandfather plant pecan trees in Tennessee, I recognise something a bit disturbing. My grandfather never would live long enough to see those trees mature and produce pecans. Yet, there he was, toiling away with no misfortune of personal benefit. When I asked him why he would plant trees knowing he would never enjoy the harvest, he just smiled and shook his head. Then he said, Son, of altogether the pecans Ive eaten in my life, someone else had planted the tree. They thought enough of me to plant trees, so I could have pecans. Im just thinking of the next generation. In that moment, I realized that all people are takers, but only a few people expire givers.   Being a taker comes naturally. From the moment a baby is born, it takes. It wants nutriment and warmth and comfort. If no one fulfills the babys desire, it screams until it gets whatever it wants. Becoming a giver in life takes time and instructi on. We must be taught to share. We must learn to give. Unfortunately, intimately people never learn to really give. They give, but they expect something in return. They are still selfish. A selfish child becomes a selfish teen who becomes a selfish adult. If a person has never developed a lifestyle of giving by their teen years, I doubt they ever pull up stakes. A college degree or a high-paying job can change their income but not their heart.   Through my teen years, I volunteered at least two days a week at The Masters Outreach in my hometown. The Masters Outreach is a non-profit organization, which helps feed and clothe the needy. We even went to Central America once to take clothes, food, medicine, and some other supplies. On other occasions, we sent supplies to help hurricane victims. Each one of these projects required a lot of time and effort by a few people willing to give.   By now, volunteer work has become part of my life. I intend to continue giving during my college career at Jones Community College and then, Mississippi State University where I will pursue a degree in architecture. With a college degree, I will have even more opportunities to serve my community. As an architect, I would like to become involved with Habitat for Humanity because they have such a good reputation and will be able to use my particular skills.

Harvard Admissions Essay: Lessons Learned :: College Admissions Essays

Lessons Learned Are Lessons Lived   A few years ago, while helping my grandfather plant pecan trees in Tennessee, I realized something a bit disturbing. My grandfather never would live long enough to see those trees mature and produce pecans. Yet, there he was, toiling off with no possibility of personal benefit. When I asked him why he would plant trees knowing he would never enjoy the harvest, he just smiled and shook his head. whence he said, Son, of all the pecans Ive eaten in my life, someone else had planted the tree. They thought enough of me to plant trees, so I could have pecans. Im just thinking of the next generation. In that moment, I realized that all battalion are takers, but only a few people become givers.   Being a taker comes naturally. From the moment a baby is born, it takes. It wants food and warmth and comfort. If no one fulfills the babys desire, it screams until it gets whatever it wants. Becoming a giver in life takes time and instruction. We mu st(prenominal) be taught to share. We must learn to give. Unfortunately, most people never learn to really give. They give, but they expect something in return. They are still selfish. A selfish child becomes a selfish teenager who becomes a selfish adult. If a person has never developed a lifestyle of giving by their teen years, I enquiry they ever will. A college degree or a high-paying job can change their income but not their heart.   Through my teen years, I volunteered at least(prenominal) two days a week at The Masters Outreach in my hometown. The Masters Outreach is a non-profit organization, which helps feed and clothe the needy. We even went to Central America once to take clothes, food, medicine, and some other supplies. On other occasions, we sent supplies to help hurricane victims. Each one of these projects required a lot of time and effort by a few people willing to give.   By now, volunteer work has become part of my life. I intend to continue giving dur ing my college career at Jones Community College and then, Mississippi pronounce University where I will pursue a degree in architecture. With a college degree, I will have even more opportunities to serve my community. As an architect, I would like to become involved with Habitat for Humanity because they have such a good reputation and will be able to use my picky skills.

Accounting 201 Final Study Guide Essay

When are expenses recognized? Name the accounting concepts that answer these questions. What are the four fiscal statements? What is the purpose for each? Does each report for a period of time or for a point in time? Be able to gauge the change in stockholders equity for a period based on information contained in the retained earnings statement. What is GAAP? Who is the body currently trusty for establishing GAAP? What governmental agency has oversight authority over the accounting profession? What is an analyse?What is the purpose of an independent audit? Who can perform an audit? What is the sequence of the accounting cycle? Define the succeeding(a) foothold related to the accounting cycle -chart of accounts -journal -ledger -trial balance -adjusting entries -adjusted trial balance - stopping point entries -post-closing trial balance -posting -journal instauration -debit - attribute -t-account Be familiar with account classification. What are the five major categories of acco unts? What is a contra account? Be able to analyze transactions using the debit/credit rules.What is a compound journal entry? How is an accounts balance determined? What is meant by the term normal balance? Be able to reckon an account balance. When are adjusting entries prepared? Why are they necessary? What are some rules that apply to all adjustments? Review the handout you were give regarding adjusting entries. What do the following accounting concepts mean? -going concern -cost-benefit -materiality -consistency -revenue recognition/realization -matching Which of the accounting concepts listed above form the basis for accrual basis accounting?What are the three closing entries? What is the purpose of closing entries? What is the format for a bank reconciliation? Which reconciling items require that a journal entry be made to recognize them? Be aware of the formulas to calculate some of the commonly used financial ratios, including -current ratio -working capital -quick ratio H ow are the following items calculated? -net sales -cost of goods sold What is the dispute between a periodic inventory system and a perpetual inventory system? What are internal control procedures?What are the four chief(a) reasons for establishing internal controls? What are some common examples of internal control procedures? Define the following terms with regard to notes receivable/notes payable -principal -interest -maturity date -maturity value Be able to calculate ending inventory and cost of goods sold under the following inventory cost allocation methods -average costing -FIFO (first-in, first-out) -LIFO (last-in, first-out) Be able to destine the following terms related to long term assets cost -residual value/salvage value/trade-in value depreciable cost -book value -service life/ expedient life -depreciation -accumulated depreciation -depletion -amortization Be able to calculate depreciation using the following methods -straight line -units of production -double decl ining balance How is the cost of a group/bundled secure of assets allocated? What is the difference between the direct write off method and the allowance method of recognizing bad debts? Which one is preferred by GAAP? Why? Be able to define the following terms related to perplexs payable -bond indenture -debenture -secured bond coupon bond -registered bond -convertible bond -callable bond -term bond -serial bond -sinking fund When will a bond sell at a discount? At a premium? Be able to determine the hump price of a bond based on its market price quote. What are the rights of bondholders? Of common stockholders? Of preferred stockholders? Be able to define the following terms related to stock -common stock -preferred stock -dividends in arrears -par value -treasury stock -dividend declaration date -date of record -dividend payment date -stock dividend -stock split -book value

Dell in Brazil

1. Why did dell decide to invest in brazil-nut tree? dell fixed to invest in Brazil because of its strategy to expand internationally. Dell had operations in many countries but did non bind any manufacturing plants in Latin America, which was the fastest growing market for computers. Brazil was the i shroud place for its manufacturing plant in Latin America because it presented a huge potential market for Dell since it was Latin Americas largest country with over 170 million people. Dell felt that the only way to dominate and become impelling it the Brazilian market was to have its own manufacturing plant in Brazil.In addition, Brazil contained high import tariffs which would cut away at Dells profits if it had to merchandise products from the U. S. into Brazil. Also root forive was Brazils membership in Mercosul. This would be beneficial for Dell because any company producing 60% of a product in a Mercosul country would be exempt from all tariffs when exporting to opposite c ountries associated with Mercosul. These countries associated with Mercosul included Argentina, Uruguay, Paraguay, Chile, Boliva, and Brazil. Therefore, Dell would have an advantage when exporting its products from Brazil to any of these other(a) Mercosul countries. . What were the pros and cons of the five in short-listed states for Dells investing in Brazil? Why did Dell select to invest in the state of Rio Grande do Sul? The 5 short listed states for Dells investing in Brazil included Sao Paulo, Rio de Janeiro, Parana, Rio Grande do Sul, and Minas Gerais. Some of the pros that were common in all of these states were adequate levels of education, a sufficient syndicate of qualified labor, a steady supply of electricity, and sufficient telecommunications and transportation infrastructure.Beginning with the pros for Sao Paulo, this state contained the largest market for personal computers in Brazil due to its large population. It also had a huge supply of skil take labor. Sao P aulo presented two attractive locations for the plant in the cities of Sao Jose dos Campos and Campinas. The cons for Sao Paulo included the mannerisms of the state government officials who seemed indifferent to Dells special(prenominal) needs and concerns. Sao Paulos investment promotion agency did non seem catering to Dells plectron team up since the state did not have any problems attracting foreign investment.In addition, Sao Paulo did not offer Dell any special monetary incentives to attract their investment. Next, Rio de Janeiro had s everal pros common to all 5 states as previously mentioned. However, the state offered Dell very few financial incentives with the intention of receiving a counter offer from Dell. Dell responded negatively to this initial low offering of incentives and did not return to renegociate. Parana also contained the same pros that were common among the 5 states. On the other hand, the main negative of the state included the amount of financial inc entives that the government was offering.These financial incentives did not compare to the financial incentives that other states such as Rio Grande do Sul offered. In addition, the state and its promotional agency did not seem resolute to attract Dells investment. Dell was given a general presentation that did not address the company itemally. Aside from the common pros listed above, Minas Gerais greatest advantage was its investment promotion agency INDI. The agency was very qualified and catering to Dells concerns. The INDI even set up meetings for Dells selection team to meet state government officials.The state also offered favorable financial incentives that included a 70% reduction in ICMS tax for 10 days and a loan of R$20 million to be paid back in a 4 year period with a 4 year approving period. The state also offered free land for the plant to be built on. However, the cons of Minas Gerais centered around the region being highly industrialized. The Dell selection team felt that the state was a heavy-industry, rust-belt, region. Because of this, Dell felt that the government would not be able to satisfy Dells specific needs as a high-technology company.The last state was Rio Grande Do Sul, which was most attractive to Dell. The biggest plus of this state was its independent, non-profit investment promotion agency, Polo. Polo was very helpful in addressing Dells concerns and even went to Dells office in Texas to give a presentation. The Polo was eager to seek high technology investment and was determined to attract Dells investment. For other pros, Rio Grande do Sul had an adequate infrastructure and had one of the most efficient telecommunications infrastructures in the country.This would create huge cost savings for the plant. The state also posed few security concerns as its roads were much safer than roads in other states such as Sao Paulo. Rio Grande Do Suls capital, Porto Alegre, was the ideal location of the plant. This city specifically ma de Dell feel at ease since the crime rate was very low. Other pros included world of many established universities, a huge pool of skilled labor, and a high standard of living among the population.Most of all, the government offered Dell the most favorable incentives verboten of the 5 states. It offered a 75% reduction in ICMS tax for 12 years, and R$20 million loan with a 5 year grace period and a 10 year payback period. The main negative of Rio Grande Do Sul was the recent change in its state government creating an uncertainty in policy-making views toward foreign investment. Olivio Dutra had just been voted into office and was greatly opposed to the deal and the financial incentives that had been previously offered to Dell by the state.This change in the political surround was a huge negative as Dells stark naked deal was now discarded. Dell eventually decided to invest in the Rio Grande Do Sul mainly because of its investment promotion agency, Polo. As described above, the P olo was very catering to Dells specific needs. Polo was very well prepared when the site selection team came to visit. The agency arranged private interviews with business leaders and state officials. It even took Dells selection team to a local chevron that resembled the atmosphere of Texas.This local microbrewery contained well educated and friendly people, which convinced the team that there was certainly qualified, personable, and articulate people that could be hired at the new plant. Polos determination and quick, thorough preparation won the attention of Dells selection. In addition, the state offered Dell the most favorable financial incentives break through of the 5 states. 3. Why didnt the new governor Olivio Dutra approve of the deal that former governor Britto had negotiated with Dell? Olivio Dutra was part of the socialist Workers Party.He did not approve of the deal because he was opposed to the government giving multinational corporations special incentives and bene fits. By offering these corporations special benefits, the multinational corporations could play each state against each other for their own self interest. Many felt that these corporations were already extremely wealthy and did not need to be seeking tax advantages from poor states. Throughout his iron out against governor Britto, he focused on criticizing the excessive benefits that Britto had given these multinational corporations.Therefore, when Dutra finally took office, he had to follow through with his words and take action. This then led to Dutra rejecting Dell and interbreedings deals by suspending the loans granted to these corporations and refusing to offer tax incentives. 4. Given the changed terms of operation, which of Dells options seems most plausible to you (a) Leave Brazil entirely? (b) Move the plant to another state? or (c) Try to renegotiate with Governor Dutra? I believe that Dell should first try to renegotiate with Governor Dutra. Dutras actions had alrea dy cause the state to lose Fords investment.Losing another huge opportunity for investment in Rio Grande Do Sul would be horrible for Dutras reputation as the new governor. Therefore, I believe Dutra would be willing to be less strict concerning its no incentives policy. As the field of study states, Dutra was even willing to renegotiate with Ford after hearing that it was moving its operations to another state. However, Ford had already made their decision to sack and was not going to renegotiate. Therefore, I believe Dutra would not also risk losing Dells investment and would be even more willing to renegotiate with the company.It would not hurt Dell to see what Dutra will offer during renegotiations. If Dutra still maintains a strict stance on providing few incentives, then Dell should move its operations to Minas Gerais, which had also offered favorable financial incentives. Although the company may be concerned over the political policy uncertainty of Dutra, Dutra has had a r eputation for his honest and effective ways. For this reason, if he does grant Dell financial incentives, he would stay true to his words so Dell would not have to question the future political environment. 5) In your view, which factor was decisive for Governor Dutras new relaxed policy towards Dell? The decisive factor for Governor Dutras new relaxed policy was Fords decision to move its operations out of the state to Bahia. The loss of Fords investment was detrimental to Rio Grande do Sul because Fords operations in the state could have improved its economy and provided thousands of jobs for its residents. For this reason, this lost opportunity was very bad for Governor Dutras political reputation in the eyeball of Rio Grande do Suls people.If Governor Dutra also let Dells investment slip away, this could ruin Dutras political status and eliminate his chances of ever being reelected as governor. Therefore, Dutra probably learned from his mistake in the Ford renegotiations of bei ng too strict with his no incentive policy. Dell could easily move its operations to another state such as Minas Gerais, who also offered Dell similar incentives. This would be easy to do since Dell had not yet started to configuration its plant in Rio Grande do Sul. This certainly caused Dutra to have a more relaxed policy towards Dell with the intention to not lose Dells investment as well.

Major Parties Platforms Essay

Party platform is a list of the principles which a political party has set in order to convince the general public to vote in the political party into the office. It gives the party the objectives and goals that it will follow if it is voted in the office. In the United States they are two major political parties that is the republican Party and the Democratic Party.The democratic party historically has supported the following platforms ethnic minorities ,organized labor where it has emphasized on labor unions which provide a ballot base that support the party and progressive reforms i. e. democratic party in it platform has always supported a more progressive tax complex body part that is able offer proper services and rule justly to its people. The Party has always favored greater government intervention in the U .S economy and opposed government intervention in the private sector since private sector are effective in helping the poor than the ruling government. On the other h and there is republican party which historically has supported the following platforms low taxation to the people due to the increases in the product domestic product growth and also generate more income to the government, environmental standards , reduction in environment regulation, development of conservative policies in order to produce prosperity in the economy and also government protection.The party also advocates for a strong national defense for its people until recently when interventionist action lasted. Republican has also stood up for corporation and individual decision making in promoting economic prosperity whereby one is economically responsible for the action and decision that he decide to incorporate. . Describe the Role of 3rd Parties in The Past Presidential Elections. The third parties have been of crucial importance in the US electoral form for a very long time.Third parties have sprung up from ideological spectrum although none of them has managed to win the election since the time of Abraham Lincoln. Third parties have much contributed in by pushing issues into light which would have been ignored by majority parties. For example if the issue looked at by third party finds resonance with the voters the major parties are likely to adapt the issue into their platform.Third parties have also helped in increasing voters turnout by bringing more people to the canvas therefore impacting the chances major party candidate winning by gathering enough votes, for example in 2004 it was estimated that 33% registered republicans ,43%democrats and other parties contributing for 25%. Third parties also play a major role in the US policy and the political debates despite their minor presence in the congress. Therefore they end up contributing to the changing of the political debate and also the policy making process.Though this contribution the role of the third party depends on earnestness of the candidacy because he or she helps in Making the de bate of issues more substantive and less vitriolic for example in 1992 when reform party nominal Ross Perot as the candidate for president. Ross Perot advocated for the reduction of budget federal deficit an issue that was not seriously looked upon in previous elections. By so this was where Perot Ross received a 19% of the total votes. REFERENCES George C. E, Martin P. W and Robert L. (2002). Government in America People, Politics and Policy. Longman publishers Texas http//www. wikipedia. com

The Wretched of the Earth

The Wretched of the Earth Colonialism is an integral rive of the history of the planet. It is the reason why so many nations have stark cultural similarities with others. Colonialism is prudent for many commonwealth being able to understand each other through speaking the same language. Colonialism was the start of the recent phenomenon called globalization. This earth has seen colonialism for many centuries as far back as ancient Greek and Egyptian civilization. Colonialism, as we tell apart it today however is the domination, acquisition, exploitation, or expansion, of one territory by another(prenominal) territory.This usually means the colonist and the colony argon in two separate regions or even two separate continents. It typically includes the subjugation of the people of the land being colonized. This colonizing behavior dates back to the early 1400s with its roots in Europe which began with the Portuguese and the Spanish. Although colonisation was the early globalizatio n, it did not have such(prenominal) a positive impact on everyone as globalization has today. Colonization only benefitted the colonists which are the nations seeking and dominating other lands.Successful colonization meant colonist prevail of the government, the economy, the labor force, and essentially the lives of the colonized. Unfortunately, not everyone benefitted from this colonization. Those colonized were forced often enslaved and exploited for their nations resources. If their military forces were not as powerful as the colonists, they had no chance of keeping their rights as free people. Frantz fanon was born in 1925 in French- ruled Martinique, a small Caribbean island.He was raised in a family that was the equivalence of the middle class social class. The people in this social class were advocates for White- French assimilation. After being taught the philosophy of negritude, he did not wish to remain a part of this social class. He left Martinique in 1943 to help the Free French fight World War III. After this war, Fanon studied Psychiatry at Lyons University in France where he experienced extreme volumes of racism. Fanon accepted a position as Chief of Staff in a psychiatric ward of a French hospital.He was responsible for treating distressed officers and soldiers who had been affected mentally by the Algerian conflict. By 1956, Frantz discontinued his work for the French government in Algeria because of the negative effects their colonization had on the people. He could no longer treat the French in the hospital he worked when they knowingly inflicted torture on the people of Algeria. Once he officially verificationped working for the French government, Fanon joined the fight for Algerian independence.During this time, he traveled different nations in Africa to help build their resources. It during this time he published a series of works that were in favor of national rights and anti-colonialism. He wrote the Wretched of the Earth within th e last year of his life. The purpose of this small-arm was to expose the savagery and the atrocity of colonialism. It explored the psychological effect of colonization and racism as well as a movement to decolonization. In this book, he argues that emphasis is necessary for independence.The very first chapter of the book, Concerning Violence, explores several topics. In the first sentence Fanon states, National liberation, national renaissance, the restoration of nationhood to the people, commonwealth whatever may be the headings used or the new formulas introduced, decolonization is always a violent phenomenon. He is not endorsing forcefulness he is just letting us know that it is inevitable with liberation as the cause. Fanon teaches us that decolonization sets out to change the order of the world.It is the substitution of one species for another and brings new men, new language and a new humanity. Fanon identifies the different parties of the natives who are involved in decol onization. These parties are the politicians, the bourgeoisie, and the peasant. The politicians only want to reform colonization not remove it while peasant are the most revolutionary being that they have nothing to lose and the most to gain. According to Fanon, decolonization is the physically removing the control of territory from the colonist back to the people.When Frantz Fanon discusses violence, he means force or aggression. By violence he means something that causes injury whether it is physical or psychological. In all of his descriptions of decolonization, he maintains that violence is a component in achieving them. In our society violence is something that should be avoided by all means necessary. We believe today that violence terminates basic human rights. Fanon openly accepted violence as an ingredient in successful decolonization while others tries to reach that conclusion peacefully.For his open and honest opinion on his scoop on violence, Fanon is viewed as controve rsial. There are many that strongly disagree with his opinion and there are some that believe that his thesis is true moreover for extreme cases only. The final chapter of the book, Colonial War and Mental Disorders, Fanon describes his studies in the psychiatric ward of the Algerian hospital. In this chapter he notes how the nature of colonialism affects mental health by describing some of the patients he came in contact with.He used the cases to show the scope of disorders between the colonists and the colonized. He provides multiple series of cases, series A through D. serial publication A has five cases that all display Algerian or European people who had throw symptoms of the reactionary type of mental disorder. Series B displayed cases that rose wine while Algeria was in total war. The first case in series B is particularly interesting. It deals with 2 Algerians boys that murdered their European friend. Their reasoning for this was simply because Europeans killed arabs.It i s clear from these cases why Fanon believes that violence is necessary to overthrow foreign government and for a nation to be independent. The revolutionaries will always meet opposition by the perpetrators of colonialism when armed combat for freedom. It is very rare that colonist will give up their colony without a fight. Due to their military strength and technology, colonist can easily stop the freedom fighters but they will not give up without a fight. Without returning the violence, the revolutionaries would not be able to gain and maintain power of their land.When violence occurs in the struggle for freedom, revolutionaries become united. With the continuous build up of tension and advantaged treatment, I believe that violence is inevitable as well. Though this book was a little difficult to get through, the benefit of taking the time to understand is large. I enjoyed learning about world history especially colonialism from a psychological point of view. I would recommend th is book to anyone that is completing studies in anything from psychology, politics, sociology, rhetoric and certainly history.